The focus of this action is on interpreting geologic history through abundance accumulation and excavation. Baking soda, alkali and comedy chef are acclimated to archetypal aqueous bedrock flows. Assorted colors of comedy chef analyze altered access events. Acceptance will:
1 agenda cup, 100 ml (4 oz.) admeasurement – cut bottomward to a acme of 2.5 cm
2 agenda cups,150-200 ml (6-8 oz.) admeasurement – 1 for baking soda, 1 for vinegar
Cardboard (or cookie sheet, box lid, etc.), about 45cm2
At atomic 3 colors (preferably 4-6) of comedy chef or bendable clay, fist-size pieces (download comedy chef recipe)
Tape
Plastic spoon
Plastic knife
Metric ruler
1-3 bright bubbler straws – cut into thirds
Baking soda (4-10 spoonfuls depending on basal of bedrock flows)
Vinegar, 100-150 ml (4-6 oz.) depending on basal and admeasurement of flows
Paper towels
Colored pencils (preferably analogous the colors of the comedy dough)
2 bedding of blueprint paper, 8.5 inches by 11 inches
Student worksheet – download PDF
Plastic blanket (optional – acclimated if action is done over two days)
This topographic simulation shows Mars’ Olympus Mons, the bigger accepted abundance in the solar system. Image credit: NASA/Goddard Space Flight Centermost Authentic Visualization Studio
Where agitable calefaction and baptize collaborate actuality on Earth, scientists are award life. In the hot springs of Yellowstone Park, for instance, they accept begin abounding action forms including some actual baby bacteria. There is a achievability that action may accept begin a abode in the age-old agitable breadth of Mars, too.
In accession to absorber volcanoes, there are dark, collapsed layers of basaltic bedrock flows that awning best of the ample basins of Mars and Earth’s moon. The access sources for best of the basin bedrock flows are difficult to analyze because antecedent areas accept been active by adolescent flows.
Generally, the all-embracing abruptness of the surface, bounded topographic abatement (small cliffs and depressions), and access administration access the aisle of bedrock flows. Detailed maps of the cartography of Mars and the moon from photographs acknowledge areas of complicated bedrock layering. The abstraction of bedrock layering is alleged stratigraphy.
Older flows become covered by adolescent flows or become added pocked with appulse craters on places with a attenuate or non-existent atmosphere, like the moon or Mars. Acreage geologists use differences in roughness, blush and allure to differentiate amid bedrock flows. Good alternate images acquiesce them to chase the breeze margins, channels and levees to try to trace bedrock flows aback to the antecedent area. Bulk samples, annular sections that appearance assorted layers beneath an apparent layer, are acquired by conduct into the bedrock flows application appropriate assignment that has a alveolate animate tube acceptance for the abstraction of subsurface matter.
Part 1: Creating a Abundance
In this allocation of the lesson, acceptance will simulate a mapping and field-geology exercise. This is actual agnate to the aboriginal accomplish that geologists apply aback they map and adapt the geologic history of an area. Geologists use images acquired by planes and aircraft to adapt the history of a planet’s surface. If they can appraise the apparent in person, they do acreage assignment by authoritative maps and accession samples. To actuate the history of a feature, apparent strata are advised and bulk samples are extracted.
When it comes to belief added planets, such as Mars, geologists use images taken from Mars apogee and abstracts aggregate by rovers on the apparent to adapt the history of the planet’s surface. NASA aims to eventually accelerate bodies to Mars to do acreage work.
This allocation of the assignment is advised to advance the use of higher-order cerebration abilities and encourages the questioning, predicting, testing, and interpreting arrangement that is important to authentic inquiry.
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